Shearing & Sanforizing 20 question &answer

 Sanforizing

1. Ques: What is Sanforizing?

Answer:  Sanforization is a process of treatment used for cotton fabrics mainly and most textiles made from natural or chemical fibers.

2. Ques: Who was invented Sanforizing?

Answer: Sanforizing was invented by Sanford Lockwood Cluett (1874–1968) in 1930. 

3. Ques: Write down the method of Sanforizing?

Answer: Sanforizing is a method of stretching, shrinking and fixing the woven cloth in both length and width before cutting and producing, to reduce the shrinkage which would otherwise occur after washing.

4. Ques: What is Residual Shrinkage?

Answer: Residual Shrinkage is the latent shrinkage of a fiber, Filament, yarn or fabric. 

5. Ques: Write down the shrinkage amount is dependent on?

Answer: The shrinkage amount is dependent on-

a) The nature of fibers.

b) The character of threads.

c) The way of interlacing of thread in the fabric.

d) Crimp in yarn.

e) Cycle of washing no. of washing

6. Ques: What types of shrinkage control machine?

Answer: Two types of shrinkage control machine:

a) Sanforizer (woven fabric)

b) Compactor (knit fabric)                                                               

7. Ques: What is Sanforizer?

Answer:  Sanforizer is the machine by which sanforizing is done. Sanforizing is controlled compressive shrinkage process, which is applied on woven fabric to achieve shrinkage before making the garments. After sanforizing the residual shrinkage of woven fabric may be zero.

8. Ques: What is Sanforizing process?

Answer: Sanforizing is a mechanical finishing process of treating textile fabrics to prevent the normal dimensional alternation of wrap and weft.

9. Ques: What is Compactor?

Answer: compactor: This is the machine by which compacting of knit fabric is done .Here calendar rollers used. The fabric passes between two metallic cylinders, one cylinder rotates faster than the other. The fabric is controlled by shoe that is positioned against the cylinders. The friction causes filling yarns to move closer together and a loss of fabric length is occurred.                                     

10. Ques: Write down the Causes of shrinkage?

Answer:  The major cause of fabric shrinkage is due to the swelling of threads on wetting. The thickened warp yarns require more space to enable them to pass over and under the swollen weft yarns. So they must adopt an undulating path and so the cloth shrinks. The cotton materials are not completely shrunk on the first wash but continue to shrink in further washes. So, shrinkage seems to depend on the intensity of washing treatment. Shrinkage also depends on amount of crimp in yarn.

Shearing

11. Ques: What is Shearing?

Answer: This cutting operation, complementary to rising, determines the height of the fiber end irregularly raised during the raising process; the resulting effect affects the appearance and the hand of the fabric, which becomes velvet-like. Most of raised/napped fabrics (except napped sleepwear, print cloth, flannel & some industrial fabrics) are sheared.

12. Ques: Write down the object of shearing?

Answer: Object of shearing:

a) To clear out the random length fibers & produce a uniform & level pile.

b) To reduce the height of the wild fibers & prevent pilling.

c) To produce a certain band.

d) To improve the color & appearance of the fabric.

e) To reduce sculptured effects.

13. Ques: What is reduce the shearing?

Answer: Shearing reduce the height of the wild fibers.

14. Ques: what is the improving the shearing?

Answer: Shearing improve the color and appearance of the fabric

15. Ques: what is the clear shearing?

Answer:  Shearing is the clear out the random length fibers & produces a uniform & level pile.                                                                                                                                            

16. Ques: what are the major parts of shearing machine?

Answer: Major parts of shearing machine, such as Fabric, Pressing bar; Fixed blade; Helical blades; Suction unit; Brushing drum.

17. Ques: What is cutting passage depends upon the number of blades assembled on the machine?                                                                                                                                   Answer: cutting passage depends upon the number of blades assembled on the machine from (16to24)

18. Ques: What is cutting passage depends upon the number of blades assembled on the machine upon the cylinder revolutions per minute?

Answer: cutting passage depends upon the number of blades assembled on the machine upon the cylinder revolutions per minute (from 700 to1200).

19. Ques: what is use of shearing?

Answer: shearing machines must be equipped with devices which decree the fabric tension (shearing machines) when the seam joining the cloths passes through the machine; this prevents the fabric from tearing and avoids undesirable machine stops. Also patterns may be cut into the fabrics by shearing to give a “sculptured effect”,

Like with raising, or by using special fixed or mobile blades

20. Ques: What is the problem of shearing machine?

Answer: overheating due to the friction between the helical blades and the fixed blade.